Tiền tố, hậu tố, thân từ - Từ vựng chuyên ngành Y khoa

Mỗi từ vựng chuyên ngành Y khoa ( medical Term ) được cấu trúc từ : Prefixes : Tiền tố , Root Thân từ và Suffixes hậu tố

Term Meaning Example

a- Without, lack of Aphasia (lack of speech)
ab- Away from Abductor (leading away from)
-able Capable Viable(capable of living)
acou- Hearing Acoustics (science of sound)
acr- Extremity Acromegaly (large extremities)
ad- To, toward, near to Adrenal (near the kidney)
adeno- Gland Adenoma (glandular tumor)
-al Expressing relationship Neural (referring to nerves)
-algia Pain Gastralgia (stomach pain)
an- Without, lack of Anaerobic (without oxygen)
ana- Up, back, again Anatomy (a cutting up)
angio- Vessel Angiography (radiography of blood vessels)
ante- Before, forward Antecubital (before elbow)
anti- Against, reversed Antiperistalsis (reversed peristalsis)
arthr- Joint Arthritis (inflammation of a joint)
-ary Associated with Urinary (associated with urine)
-asis Condition, state of Homeostasis (state of staying the same)
auto- Self Autolysis (self breakdown)
bi- Twice, double Bicuspid (two cusps)
bio- Live Biology (study of living)
-blast- Bud, germ Fibroblast (fiber-producing cell)
brady- Slow Bradycardia (slow heart rate)
-c Expressing relationship Cardiac (referring to heart)
carcin- Cancer Carcinogenic (causing cancer)
cardio- Heart Cardiopathy (heart disease)
cata- Down, according to Catabolism (breaking down)
cephal- Head Cephalic (toward the head),
-cele Hollow Blastocele (hollow cavity inside a blastocyst)
cerebro- Brain Cerebrospinal (referring to brain and spinal cord)
chol- Bile Acholic (without bile)
cholecyst- Gallbladder Cholecystokinin (hormone that causes the gallbladder to contract)
chondr- Cartilage Chondrocyte (cartilage cell)
-cide Kill Bactericide (agent that kills bacteria)
circum- Around,about Circumduction (circular movement)
-clast- Smash, break Osteoclast (cell that breaks down bone)
co- With, together Coenzyme (molecule that functions with an enzyme)
com- With, together Commissure (coming together)
con- With, together Convergence (to incline together)
contra- Against, opposite Contralateral (opposite side)
crypto- Hidden Cryptorchidism (undescended or hidden testes)
cysto- Bladder or sac Cystocele (hernia of a bladder)
-Cyte- Cell Erythrocyte (red blood cell)
cyto- Cell Cytoskeleton (supportive fibers inside a cell)
de- Away from Dehydrate (remove water)
derm- Skin Dermatology (study of the skin)
di- Two Diploid (two sets of chromosomes)
dia- Through, apart, across Diapedesis (ooze through)
dis- Reversal, apart from Dissect (cut apart)
-duct- Draw Abduct (lead away from) The Language of Medicine
C. J. Hall - SR Summer School, 2004
-dynia Pain Mastodynia (breast pain)
dys- Difficult, bad Dysmentia (bad mind)
e- Out, away from Eviscerate (take out viscera)
ec- Out from Ectopic (out of place)
ecto- On outer side Ectoderm (outer skin)
-ectomy Cut out Appendectomy (cut out the appendix)
-edem- Swell Myoedema (swelling of a muscle)
em- In Empyema (pus in)
-emia Blood Anemia (deficiency of blood)
en- In Encephalon (in the brain)
endo- Within Endometrium (within the uterus)
entero- Intestine Enteritis (inflammation of the intestine)
epi- Upon, on Epidermis (on the skin)
erythro- Red Erythrocyte (red blood cell)
eu- Well, good Euphoria (well-being)
ex- Out, away from Exhalation (breathe out)
exo- Outside, on outer side Exogenous (originating outside)
extra- Outside Extracellular (outside the cell)
-ferent Carry Afferent (carrying to the central nervous system)
-form Expressing resemblance Fusiform (resembling a fusion)
gastro- Stomach Gastrodynia (stomach ache)
-genesis Produce, origin Pathogenesis (origin of disease)
gloss- Tongue Hypoglossal (under the tongue)
glyco- Sugar, sweet Glycolysis (breakdown of sugar)
-gram A drawing Myogram (drawing of a muscle contraction)
-graph Instrument that records Myograph (instrument for measuring muscle contraction)
hern- Blood Hemolysis (breakdown of blood)
hemi- Half Hemiplegia (paralysis of half of the body)
hepato- Liver Hepatitis (inflammation of the liver)
hetero- Different, other Heterozygous (different genes for a trait)
hist- Tissue Histology (study of tissues)
homeo- Same Homeostasis (state of staying the same)
hydro- Wet, water Hydrocephalus (fluid within the head)
hyper- Over, above, excessive Hypertrophy (overgrowth)
hypo- Under, below, deficient Hypotension (low blood pressure)
-ia Expressing condition Neuralgia (pain in nerve)
-iatr- Treat, cure Pediatrics (treatment of children)
-id Expressing condition Flaccid (state of being weak)
im- Not Impermeable (not permeable)
in- In, into Injection (forcing fluid into)
infra- Below Infraorbital (below the eye)
inter- Between Intercostal (between the ribs)
intra- Within Intraocular (within the eye)
-ism Condition, state of Dimorphism (condition of two forms)
iso- Equal Isotonic (same tension)
-itis Inflammation Gastritis (inflammation of the stomach)
_ity Expressing condition Acidity (condition of acid)
kerato- Cornea or horny tissue Keratinization (formation of a hard tissue)
-kin- Move Kinesiology (study of movement)
leuko- White Leukocyte (white blood cell)
-liga- Bind Ligament (structure that binds bone to bone)
lip- Fat Lipolysis (breakdown of fats)
-logy Study Histology (study of tissue)
-lysis Breaking up, dissolving Glycolysis (breakdown of sugar)
macro- Large Macrophage (large phagocytic cell)
mal- Bad Malnutrition (bad nutrition)
malaco- Soft Osteomalacia (soft bone)
mast- Breast Mastectomy (excision of the breast)
mega- Great Megacolon (large colon)
melano- Black Melanocyte (black pigment producing skin cell) The Language of Medicine
C. J. Hall - SR Summer School, 2004
rneso- Middle, mid Mesoderm (middle skin)
meta- Beyond, after, change Metastasis (beyond original position)
micro- Small Microorganism (small organism)
mito- Thread, filament Mitosis (referring to threadlike chromosomes during cell division)
mono- One, single Monosaccharide (one sugar)
-morph- Form Morphology (study of form)
multi- Many, much Multinucleated (two or more nuclei)
myelo- Marrow, spinal cord Myeloid (derived from bone marrow)
Myo- Muscle Myocardium (heart muscle)
narco- Numbness Narcotic (drug producing stupor or weakness)
neo- New Neonatal (first four weeks of life)
nephro- Kidney Nephrectomy (removal of a kidney)
neuro- Nerve Neuritis (inflammation of a nerve)
oculo- Eye Oculomotor (movement of the eye)
odonto- Tooth or teeth Odontomy (cutting a tooth)
-oid Expressing resemblance Epidermoid (resembling epidermis)
oligo- Few, scanty, little Oliguria (little urine)
-oma Tumor Carcinoma (cancerous tumor)
-op- See Myopia (nearsighted)
ophthalm- Eye ophthalmology (study of the eye)
ortho- Straight, normal Orthodontics (discipline dealing with the straightening of teeth)
-ory Referring to Olfactory (relating to the sense of smell)
-ose Full of Adipose (full of fat)
-osis A condition of Osteoporosis (porous condition of bone)
osteo- Bone Osteocyte (bone cell)
oto- Ear Otolith (ear stone)
_ous Expressing material Serous (composed of serum)
para- Beside, beyond, near to Paranasal (near the nose)
-pathy Disease Cardiopathy (disease of the heart)
-penia Deficiency Thrombocytopenia (deficiency of thrombocytes)
per- Through, excessive Permeate (pass through)
peri- Around Periosteum (around bone)
-phag- Eat Dysphagia (difficult eating or swallowing)
-phas- Speak, utter Aphasia (unable to speak)
-phil- Like, love Hydrophilic (water-loving)
phleb- Vein Phlebotomy (incision int(; a vein)
-phobia Fear Hydrophobia (fear of water)
-plas- Form, grow Neoplasm (new growth)
-plegia Paralyze Paraplegia (paralysis of lower limbs)
-pne- Breathe Apnea (lack of breathing)
pneumo- Air, gas, or lungs Pneumothorax (air in the thorax)
pod- Foot Podiatry (treatment of foot disorders)
-poie- Make Hematopoiesis (make blood cells)
poly- Many, much Polycythemia (excess red blood cells)
post- After, behind Postparturn (after childbirth)
pre- Before, in front of Prenatal (before birth)
pro- Before, in front of Prosect (to cut before-for the purpose of demonstration)
procto- Anus, rectum Proctoscope (instrument for examining the rectum)
pseudo- False Pseudostratified (falsely layered)
psycho- Mind, soul Psychosomatic (effect of the mind on the body)
Pyo- Pus Pyoderma (pus in the skin)
re- Back, again, contrary Reflect (bend back)
retro- Backward, located behind Retroperitoneal (behind the peritoneum)
-rrhagia Burst forth, pour Hemorrhage (bleed)
-rrhea Flow, discharge Rhinorrhea (nasal discharge)
sarco- Flesh or fleshy Sarcoma (connective tissue tumor)
sclero- Hard Arteriosclerosis (hardening of the arteries)
-scope Examine Endoscope (instrument for examining the inside of a hollow organ)
semi- Half Semilunar (shaped like half a moon)
somato- Body Somatotropin (hormone causing body growth) The Language of Medicine
C. J. Hall - SR Summer School, 2004
-stasis Stop, stand still Hemostasis (stop bleeding)
steno- Narrow Stenosis (narrow canal)
-stomy To make an artificial opening Tracheostomy (make an opening into the trachea)
sub- Under Subcutaneous (under skin)
super- Above, upper, excessive Supercilia (upper brows)
supra- Above, upon SuprarenaI (above kidney)
sym- Together, with Symphysis (growing together)
syn- Together, with Synapsis (joining together)
tachy- Fast, swift Tachycardia (rapid heart rate)
therm- Heat Thermometer (device for measuring heat)
-tomy Cut, incise Phlebotomy (incision of a vein)
tox- Poison Antitoxin (substance effective against poison)
trans- Across, through, beyond Transection (cut across)
tri- Three Triceps (three-headed muscle)
-troph- Nourish Hypertrophy (enlargement or overnourishment)
-tropic Changing, influencing Gonadotropic (influencing the gonads)
-uria Urine Polyuria (excess urine)
vene- Vein Venesection (phlebotomy)
viscer- Internal organ Visceromotor (movement of internal organs)